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While technology has contributed to climate change, new and efficient technologies can help us reduce net emissions and create a cleaner world. This will require fundamental transformations in all aspects of society - how we grow food, use land, transport goods, and power our economies. While science tells us that climate change is irrefutable, it also tells us that it is not too late to stem the tide. If no action is taken, entire districts of New York, Shanghai, Abu Dhabi, Osaka, Rio de Janeiro, and many other cities could find themselves underwater within our lifetimes, displacing millions of people. Almost two-thirds of the world’s cities with populations of over five million are located in areas at risk of sea level rise and almost 40 per cent of the world’s population live within 100 km of a coast. Glaciers and ice sheets in polar and mountain regions are already melting faster than ever, causing sea levels to rise. But if we don’t slow global emissions, temperatures could rise to above three degrees Celsius by 2100, causing further irreversible damage to our ecosystems. The 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change calls for holding eventual warming “well below” two degrees Celsius, and for the pursuit of efforts to limit the increase even further, to 1.5 degrees. According to a September 2019 World Meteorological Organization (WMO) report, we are at least one degreeCelsius above preindustrial levels and close to what scientists warn would be “an unacceptable risk”. The last four years were the four hottest on record. According to a ten-year summary of UNEP Emission Gap reports, we are on track to maintain a “business as usual” trajectory. Human activity is producing greenhouse gas emissions at a record high, with no signs of slowing down. “Only now we’re starting to see that some rich countries acknowledge that this is an important part of the conversation…but we’re not seeing anywhere near the actions we need,” says Sriskandarajah.Billions of tons of CO2 are released into the atmosphere every year as a result of coal, oil, and gas production.
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Although the ultimate tool might be similar to climate finance-a transfer of cash-the principle is different, as this would be reparations of sorts. The idea is the nations that caused the damage shouldn’t just invest in mitigating the consequences but in outright compensating the countries impacted. Most of the money now going to countries to develop climate technologies is given out as loans rather than grants, perpetuating cycles of debt.įinally, the world needs to come to a consensus on the concept of “loss and damage.” This isn’t something countries have agreed to before. Not only was the goal not reached, but it also represented only a fraction of what the world needs in terms of climate investment- more than $4 trillion by 2030. According to the 2015 Paris agreement, rich countries were supposed to raise $100 billion a year to invest in climate technology and to mitigate the impact of emissions, paying for a portion of it proportional to their responsibility. The second essential element of climate justice is better, and more substantial climate finance.